grossVirtualService
id's gross virtual service — floor + (baseIssued − folded) / w, or baseIssued / w when no Gauge is stored. null if id is unknown or divergent (no single record ⇒ no single weight to divide by).
Base issuance, not effective (issue #1752, F2)
The fold axis is the base issued counter — deliberately not effIssued, which adds issuedRelocIn. A relocated magnitude is economics: it restores a re-homed child's spendable holdings, and it must not also advance the child's virtual clock, because the service it accounts for was already charged against the strand's own virtual time on the dead generation. Reading it here would make a relocation-receiving edge appear to have consumed its entire re-homed strand the instant it received it — permanent starvation sized by the strand. It is also what makes the register arrival-order independent: a reconcileStranded patch touches no term of this read, so it cannot matter whether it lands before or after the edge is seated.
Throws
if the exact arithmetic would exceed Long (§10.12 — a deterministic throw, never a silent wrap; see CheckedMath).